Polish-born character actor. Initially trained as a lawyer in Vienna. Took acting classes under Max Reinhardt and first appeared on stage with Reinhardt's company. Forced to flee Nazi Germany in 1939 because of his Jewish background. Settled in England and joined the Oxford Pilgrim Players and later participated in anti-Nazi propaganda broadcasts for the BBC. After the war, he acted at the West End, in cabaret and on screen, as well as teaching for some time at RADA.