When the Kaylon Primary notes that democracy is "inefficient," Admiral Halsey counters by saying that "...the one thing you can say about democracy is that all other forms of government are even worse." This is a paraphrasing of Winston Churchill, who in 1947 said that "Indeed it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except for all those other forms that have been tried from time to time."
"Bogey" is an RAF term (adopted by the US military) meaning an unidentified aircraft. Bandit is the term for a known, hostile aircraft.
However 25th century Union spaceship pilots may not use the same terms.
The external shots of the cabin where the crew are taking shore leave are of the same cabin used as The Pearson Cabin in This is Us (2016).